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Citation Styles: Chicago/Turabian

Chicago Manual of Style (18th Edition)

The most recent edition of The Chicago Manual of Style was published in the fall of 2024 and included these changes:

  • omits the place of publication for books published after 1900
  • pays greater attention to inclusion and accessibility
  • provides new guidance on citing AI images and text
  • introduces minor changes in capitalization rules

This page provides a short video introducing researchers to Chicago style, examples of reference citations, and quick links to more resources on in-text citations (aka author-date) vs footnotes (aka notes and bibliography), along with sample reference pages. Please use our Ask A Librarian services if you need assistance citing in Chicago style. 

Before you start, make sure you know what type of Chicago citation style your assignment is asking you to use: 

This refers to how you format your citations in the text of your research paper. 

What is the difference between Chicago and Turabian Style Citations?

Both styles are considered Chicago. The main difference is that Turabian is the student version of the Chicago style, intended for college students who are writing essays and research that is not intended for publication. The Chicago Manual of Style (sometimes referred to as CMOS) is aimed at professional scholars, advanced students, and publishers.  If you are writing a thesis or dissertation and need Turabian style citation help, please refer to:

Turabian, Kate L. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style for Students and Researchers, 8th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.    Course Reserves, Services Desk LB2369 .T8 2013

Turabian provides documentation systems that are essentially the same as The Chicago Manual of Style, with slight modifications for the needs of student writers.

An Introduction to Chicago Style

Lone-Star College Online Library. "What is Chicago Style." YouTube video. February 7, 2025. https://youtu.be/ZOlyNrwCL0E.

Books

Book General Format
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstName. Title of Book. Publisher, YearPublished.
One author


Smith, Zadie. Swing Time. Penguin Press, 2016.
Two or more authors


Khan-Cullors, Patrisse, and Asha Bandele. When They Call You a Terrorist. St. Martin's Griffin, 2017.
Editors


Moraga, Cherrie, and Gloria Anzaldua, eds. This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color. State University of New York Press, 2015.
Ebook

Simha, Aditya. Learning Leadership from Dogs : What Can Bulldogs, Dachshunds, Komondors, Pekingese and Otterhounds (Among Other Dogs) Teach Us About Effective Leadership? Anthem Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.24751874.
Translated book


Lahiri, Jhumpa. In Other Words. Translated by Ann Goldstein. Alfred A. Knopf, 2016.
Book chapter


Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. "In the Shadow of the Shadow State." Chap. 2 in The Revolution Will Not Be Funded: Beyond the Non-Profit Industrial Complex. Duke University Press. 2017.
Essay or chapter in an anthology or edited book


Otaño, Magdalena Mouján. "Gu Ta Gutaraak (We and Our Own)" in Cosmos Latinos: An Anthology of Science Fiction from Latin America and Spain. Edited by Andrea L. Bell and Yolanda Molina Gavilán. Wesleyan University Press, 2003.

 

Periodical Articles

Articles General Format
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstName. "Title of Article." Title of Book/Journal VolumeNumber, no. IssueNumber (YearPublished): PageNumbers.

Digital Articles General Format
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstName. "Title of Article." Title of Book/Journal VolumeNumber, no. IssueNumber (YearPublished): PageNumbers. doi or URL.
Article from digital journal


Sutherland, Tonia. "Archival Amnesty: In Search of Black American Transitional and Restorative Justice." Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies 1, no. 2 (2017). doi.org/10.24242/jclis.v1i2.42.
Article from digital newspaper


Watanabe, Teresa. "UC let 'Inappropriate Factors' Influence Admissions Decisions, State Audit Finds." Los Angeles Times, September 22, 2020. https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-09-22/uc-fails-prevent-admissions-fraud-state-audit.
Article from digital magazine


Leary, Alaina. "Amanda Leduc and Fantasy Authors Challenge the Trope of 'Broken' Disabled People." Bitch Magazine, March 9, 2020. https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/review-disfigured-amanda-leduc-fairy-tales-disability.
Article from print journal

Kogan, Lori R, Wendy Packman, Phyllis Erdman, Jennifer Currin-McCulloch, and Cori Bussolari. “US Adults’ Perceptions of Dog Breed Bans, Dog Aggression and Breed-Specific Laws.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (2022): 10138.

Audio-Visual Materials

Audio-Visual General Format
AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstName. Title of entire work. Editor(s)/Performer(s). Publisher, YearPublished.

Musical score

 

Donizetti, Gaetano. Don Pasquale: An Opera in Three Acts with Italian English Text. Edited by Donizetti and G.D. Ruffini. E.F. Kalmus, 1969.

LP/CD/streaming media

Jackson, Michael. Thriller. Epic QE 38112.

Film/audio recording

Capra, Frank, dir. It's a Wonderful Life. 1946. Liberty Films. DVD.

Visual art

Magritte, René. The Treachery of Images. 1929. Oil on canvas, 60.33 × 81.12 cm. Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

Maps

Michigan. Map. Rand, 2000.

YouTube video

Smart Student. "Ridiculously Easy Way to Structure Your College Essays." YouTube video. February 19, 2023. https://youtu.be/rK6SCNTTypY?si=R0hddxwkExZ6I1M6.

 

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